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24 February 1303: The Battle of Roslin takes place between English and Scottish forces at Roslin, south of Edinburgh, resulting in a Scottish victory.
May 1303: Edward I invades Scotland once more, with a view to subjugating the country once and for all.
3 February 1304: The Community of Scotland under the Guardianship of John III Comyn or the Red Comyn, agrees a peace treaty with Edward I.
22 April 1304: King Edward I besieges the last Scottish stronghold holding out against him, Stirling Castle. It surrenders three months later when the food runs out.
3 August 1305: William Wallace is captured near Glasgow after periods spent as guerrilla and abroad. He is tried in London on 23 August, then executed.
23 August 1305: The trial and execution in London of Sir William Wallace, one time Guardian of Scotland.
10 February 1306: Robert the Bruce, the grandson of the Robert Bruce who had competed with John Balliol for the crown in 1292, murders John III Comyn, the Red Comyn, head of one of the most powerful familes in Scotland and his only rival as future king in a church in Dumfries.
25 March 1306: Robert the Bruce moves to fill the power vacuum in Scotland and crowns himself King Robert I.
19 June 1306: The army of Robert the Bruce suffers a defeat at the hands of the English at the Battle of Methven, west of Perth.
11 August 1306: Robert the Bruce attacks John MacDougall of Lorne at the Battle of Dalrigh near Tyndrum. The outcome was probably a defeat for Bruce.
10 May 1307: At the Battle of Loudoun Hill in Ayrshire, Robert the Bruce defeats forces loyal to the English.
7 July 1307: King Edward I of England dies.
Friday, 13 October 1307: King Philip IV rounds up the Knights Templar in France as part of his campaign to gain control of the Order's vast wealth. In 1312 he persuades Pope Clement V to dissolve the Order, which in Scotland sees their assets, previously controlled from Temple, transferred to the Knights Hospitaller of the Order of St John of Jerusalem and administered from Torphichen Preceptory.
November 1307: Robert the Bruce secures his power base by taking Comyn castles at Urquhart and Balvenie.
8 November 1308 : Death of the theologian, philosopher, and logician, John Duns Scotus.
19 February 1314: Roxburgh Castle is captured from the English by Sir James Douglas, the Black Douglas, who disguises his men as cows.
24 June 1314: An English army under King Edward II sent to relieve Stirling Castle is defeated by Robert the Bruce at the Battle of Bannockburn. Edward II only narrowly escapes with his life. It is the most notable single military victory in Scottish history.
1315: Robert the Bruce invades Ireland and his brother is declared King.
2 March 1316: The birth of King Robert II of Scotland.
2 May 1316: Edward Bruce, the brother of King Robert the Bruce, is crowned High King of Ireland.
1318: Robert the Bruce captures Berwick Castle.
14 October 1318: The death in battle in Ireland of Edward Bruce, the younger brother of King Robert the Bruce and the High King of Ireland.
6 April 1320: The Declaration of Arbroath, drafted by Bernard, Abbot of Arbroath, is addressed to the Pope in an effort to have him recognise Robert the Bruce as King of Scotland (and remove the excommunication that followed his murder of the Red Comyn in a church). It defines the relationship between the Scottish King and the Scots people.
5 March 1324: The birth of King David II of Scotland.
27 October 1327: Queen Elizabeth de Burgh, the second wife of Robert the Bruce, dies at Cullen Castle, and her "interiores partes" are buried in Cullen Old Kirk. The remainder of her body is taken south for burial at Dunfermline Abbey.
17 March 1328: The First War of Scottish Independence ends with the Treaty of Edinburgh and Northampton, under which the English Crown recognises that the Kingdom of Scotland is fully independent.
July 1328: Robert the Bruce's four year old son David is married to Joan, the seven year old sister of Edward III of England.
7 June 1329: Robert the Bruce dies aged 55. He is succeeded by his five year old son, David II.
1329: The title Dominus Insularum or "Lord of the Isles" is first used, by John of Islay in a letter to Edward III of England.
11 August 1332: At the Battle of Dupplin Moor near Perth, Edward Balliol and his English army inflicts a severe defeat on Scottish supporters of the infant King David II.
24 September 1332: Edward Balliol is crowned King of Scots at Scone. This leaves Scotland with two kings: Edward Balliol and David II.
16 December 1332: Edward Balliol is surprised by Sir Andrew Murray in a dawn attack at Annan, and flees the country.
May 1333: Edward III invades Scotland in support of Edward Balliol and besieges Berwick Castle. Sir Andrew Murray is captured by the English and imprisoned in Durham Castle.
19 July 1333: The Scots are heavily defeated by Edward III at the Battle of Haildon Hill as they try to relieve Berwick Castle. David II, still a boy, goes to France for safety.
1334: The English, with a remarkable lack of forethought, allowed Sir Andrew Murray to ransom himself and return to Scotland. Sir Andrew Murray then yet again forces Edward Balliol to flee to England.
Summer 1335: Edward III launches his largest invasion so far of Scotland in support of the claims of Edward Balliol. He wipes out all but scattered pockets of support for David II.
September 1335: Sir Andrew Murray is appointed Guardian of Scotland for the second time.
30 November 1335: The Battle of Culblean, near Ballater, sees the defeat of Edward Balliol's forces under David de Strathbogie by Sir Andrew Murray.
1336: Edward III invades yet again in support of Edward Balliol.
February 1337: Sir Andrew Murray begins a campaign that slowly rolls back the English occupation of Scotland. Edward Balliol flees, for the final time, in May, only to find that Edward III is more interested in war with France than war with Scotland.
14 August 1337: The future King Robert III is born at Scone Palace.
1338: Sir Andrew Murray dies and his role as Guardian of Scotland on behalf of David II passes to Robert Stewart, who is King David's nephew, but eight years older than him at 22.
16 June 1338: The English give up their siege of Dunbar Castle, whose defence is commanded by Agnes Randolph of Dunbar, after five months.
June 1341: David II returns to Scotland from France, aged 17.
17 October 1346: At the Battle of Neville's Cross, near Durham, David II is captured by the English under Edward Balliol and subsequently taken to London.
1349: The Black Death reaches Scotland, killing as many as 200,000 people out of a population of 1 million over the following two years.
Click for Timeline: 1350 to 1400
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